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Home > Temples of Kerala > pooja timings pooja timingsThe pooja timings vary according to sunrise and sunset 146. The variation of timings is based on Indian Standard Time and also on dakshinaayana and uttharayana and as per longitude. Traditionally the timings of pooja are determined based on measuring the shadow of a man by one's own foot. The method is separately determined for forenoon and afternoon with the help of a table given in Annexure II. In this context it is to be noted that the time so obtained in terms of naazhika is based on kaala-nirnnaya (determination of time) presented in scriptures. 147 In every temple there is a fixed time for dailypoojas. The following are the prescribed timings of pooja and abhisheka which may have some variations depending on some specified rituals followed in a particular temple.
In most temples a deepaaraadhana is conducted within 1 1/4 naazhikas (30 minutes) after sunset though it is not considered as a pooja as per the traditions followed in Kerala. All the above timings will undergo changes during solar or lunar eclipses. During eclipses the temple has to be closed and purifiIcatory rites done before opening. Further in all temples the above mentioned pooja-timings are not followed. Each temple has different pattern of pooja viz. with one pooja, two poojas three poojas, four poojas aild above as indicated. In some temples where there is a single pooja in a day it is performed as far as possible in the morning before 71/2 naazhikas after sunrise or if it is not possible in the evening between 21/2 naazhikas before and 5 naazhikas after sunset. However it is to be noted that in certain temples by practice certain poojas are conducted at specifIed timings (eg. at noon) in pursuance of a recognized custom (maamool). There are some temples where the temple is opened but no pooja is done daily. 146. The timings of sunrise and sunset on 1st day of a calendar month of MalayiiJam .era as per Indian Standard Time (1ST) are as follows: Sunrise and Sunset: Chingam (6-19; 6-39), KaLLni (6-18; 6-22), Thulam (6-18; 6-04), Vrschikam (6-25; 5-56), Dha1].u (6-40; 6-04), Makaram (6-53; 6-20), Kumbham (6-52; 6-32), MeeTJam (6-38; 6-35), Me1am (6-20; 6-34), Itavam (6-08; 6-37), Mithhun-am (6-07; 6-43), Karkktakam (6-14; 6-47). The Indian Standard Time (1ST) is based on the time at 82.5 °longitude. The corrections depend both on longitude and latitude. The correction oflongitude is at the rate of 0.66" per degree of longitude from the central meridian of India (viz. 82.5 DE) and positive for west and negative for east. Tables and Ascendants (On nirayaT).a basis) of N. C Lahari of Astro Research Bureau, Calcutta gives latitudes and longitudes of important towns of India and methodology for calculating the time. Based on the principles laid down therein the latitudes, longitudes and Local time correction (LMT) for Indian Standard Time for the fourteen district - head quarters of Kerala are as follows: Kasarag6d: lat. 12 °36 O,long. 75 ° 0', LMT(-) 30m. 39s.; K~ur: lat. 1°52', long. 75 °25', LMT(-) 28m. 20s.; KOzhikOde: lat. 11 °15', long. 75 °49', LMT(-) 26m. 44s.; Malappur:am: lat. 11. 1. °01', long. 76 °0', LMT(-) 25m. 40s; Palakkiid: lat. 10 °46', long. 76 °40', LMT(-) 25m. 20s; Thrissur: lat. 10 °30', long. 76 °15', LMT(-) 25m. Os; Ervlikulam: lat 9 °59', long. 76 °18', LMT(-) 24m. 48s.; Idukki: lat. 9 °55', long. 75 °15', LMT(-) 23m 18s: Kottayam: lat 9 °36', long. 76 °32', LMT(-) 23m 52s; lUappuzha: lat 9 °30', long. 76 °23' LMT(-) 24m. 28s.; Pathanamthitta: lat 9 °15'long. 76 °49' LMT(-) 22m. 52s.; Kollam: lat 8 °54', long. 76 °38' LMT(-) 23m. 28s. and Trivandrum: lat 8 °25'. long. 76 °55', LMT (-) 22m. 30s. In order to make appropriate correction to the vE\lue of latitude and longitude of places nearer to the above, ascertain the distance limits and directions from this point and then multiply with the following multipliers to obtain the correction factor. (viz. Multiplier for latitude: North (+)1.00, NE(+) 0.71, E 0.00, SE (-) 0.71, S (-) 1.00, SW (-) 0.71, W 0.00 and NW (+) 0.71; Multiplier for longitude: N 0.00, NE + 0.71, E (+) 1.00, SE (+0.71), S(O.OO), SW (-) 0.71, W (-) 1.00 and NW (-) 0.71). The sum total of the multiplier-results, taking into account the signs, are to be applied to these given figures for head-quarters to obtain the timings of the place. 147. For an adult healthy person the time required for breathing (in and out) is called praaTJ.a-kaala (liptha) which equals. to 4 seconds. A liptha is the measure of a long utterance time. One sixtieth of liptha is known as viliptha. The time taken to pronounce a consonant and the long vowel is two-fifth of a second. Six lipthas is equal to 24 seconds which is called vinaazhika. Two and l,1alf vinaazhikas equal to 1 minute, 60 vinazhikas (24 minutes) is equal to one naazhika and 60 naazhikas (24 hours) a day or 21,600 praana kaalas. According to calculation one solar year is equal to 365 days 15 naazhikas and 22 vinaazhikas. The period of yuga varies ie, Kritha -Yuga, 4,800 deva-varsha (1,728,000 manushya-varsha), Thretha-Yuga 3,600 deva-varsha (or 1,296,000 manushya¬varsha), Dwaapara -Yuga 2,100 dl!va-varshas (8,64,000 manushya-varshas) and Kali-yuga 1,200 deva-varsha or (432,000 manushya-varsha). Thousand chathur-yugas is known as brahma-kalpa or a day time of Brahma. A full day of Brahma is twice that of it. The begining of kalpa is when all the grahas are at the prathama-vikala (first part) of Metam-raaSi. The present kalpais Swetha-varaaha kalpa. In each kalpa 14 Manus administer the universe composing of 994 chathur-yuga, leaving the first and last three yugas each which are not alloted to any Manu. The period of Manu is thus 71 chathur-yugas. The present period falls in 28th chathur-yuga of 7th manvanthara or the period of the seventh Manu, the Sraadhadeva, son of Vivaswan (the Sun God). His sons according to Sreemad Bhagavatha (8-13) are Ikshaaku, Nrgan, S'aryaathi, Dhishtan, Dhishtan, Karooshan, Nireeshyanthan, f'lshaghnan, Naabhaagan and Vasumaan (Kavi) while the other Devas are Dwadasa Adithyas, eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, forty-nine Maruths (wind gods) and two A~wins. The name of Indra is Purandara. The seven seers (saptha-Rshies) are Kasyapa, Athri, Vasishta, Viswamithra, Gauthama, Jamadagni, and Bharadwaaja.' .
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